3D Printing Scaffolds for Bone

3D Printing Scaffolds for Bone 3D Printing Scaffolds for Bone 3D Printing Scaffolds for BoneNatural materials like wood and bone, although porous, support great weights and can perform as the scaffolding for tree limbs, buildings, or bodies for a long time without breaking down.Those materials have whats termed a high strength-to-weight ratio because their inherent internal structure and their porous nature give them a high surface-to-volume ratio.But that very architecture makes it hard to mimic these materials through engineered means. Manmade materials with these ultrastrong properties could be used in a range of emerging applications, such as high-performing lithium ion batteries and biological scaffolds.Now engineers at Washington State University in Pullman, WA, have created a 3D printing method to print structures that can precisely imitate the internal architecture of nature-made materials.Most natural materials like wood and bone are lightweight, yet very strong because they have precise control of their structural architectural, says Rahul Panat, associate professor of mechanical and materials engineering at the university, who led the research. Arranging nanoparticles in 3D space allows us to mimic these materials.Engineers use the technique to print 3D lattices with hierarchical structures, meaning that the structural elementsthe rods that connect the latticecan themselves be made of lattices of even smaller rods. This same hierarchy of structure gives bones their compressive strength. The printing method welches inspired by the desert rose, a natural, rose-like formation of sulfate and sand. Image Stock photoThe first step in the printing process is to create the printing material. For this, researchers crushed a build material into nanoparticles. They used silver to demonstrate the technique, but other materials such as ceramics or different types of metals, anything that can be crushed into nanoparticles, will work, Panat says.They then mixed th e particles with a solvent to create their ink, which they then aerosolized. This creates a mist of fog-like microdroplets that contain nanoparticles of silver. An aerosol jet printer next deposits those droplets in precise locations, allowing the researchers to control the size of the pores in the material down to the nanometer, Panat says.The material is next heated to around 200 degrees Celsius to fuse the nanoparticles and evaporate the solvent. As the liquid in the fog evaporates, the nanoparticles remain, creating delicate metal structures with features as small as 20 microns, the size of a human hair.Controlling the heating conditions allows the researchers to control the size of pores in the material down to the nanometer, Panat says.The tiny structures that result look similar to Tinker Toy constructions.The researchers have already created several intricate and beautiful structures, including microscaffolds that contain solid trusses but are created without supporting mate rials. Theyve also printed stretchable interconnects, spirals, and pillar bridges, electronic connections that resemble accordion bellows, and doughnut-shaped pillars.By arranging nanoparticles in 3D space, we can maintain the nanoscale benefits of particles while building the total volume. Nature does it in a mora random way but the principle is quite similar.Prof. Rahul Panat,Washington State UniversityBy arranging nanoparticles in 3D space, we can maintain the nanoscale benefits of particles while building the total volume, Panat says. Nature does it in a more random way but the principle is quite similar.Indeed the principle is similar because, in creating the printing method, Panat was inspired by the desert rose, a rose-like formation of gypsum or barite, and sand. I knew of structures in west African deserts that are made from sulfates dissolved in fog droplets, he says. The fog condenses and evaporates and leaves the 3D structure that is a desert rose.The team has been at wo rk on the method for two years and now looks forward to exploring several applications to put it to use. For instance, they are developing finely detailed, porous anodes and cathodes for batteries that could replace the solid structures now used. This could significantly increase battery speed and capacity, Panat says.The 3D printing method could be used to quickly fabricate materials at large scales and could also be used for tissue engineering, microfluidics, and micro-optoelectronics, he says. Biological implants and artificial bones printed using the technique would be lighter and stronger than materials used today.The researchers are now working to scale the technique so it can be used for large-scale manufacturing. The technology currently uses four print heads that work in tandem to print the materials in three dimensions. But more print heads, potentially hundreds, as is the case of 2D printing applications, will certainly speed the printing process, Panat says.This will fil l quite a few gaps in existing applications and create entirely new applications, he says of the printing method.Jean Thilmany is an independent writer.

Experience Job Interview Question Examples

Experience Job Interview Question ExamplesExperience Job Interview Question ExamplesAn experience interview is a type of employment interview thats designed to determine whether you have the right experience for the job for which you are interviewing. In an experience interview, the interviewee answers questions about his or her actions in a past employment situation. The interviewee demonstrates his or her skills and abilities by describing past achievements or experiences. Most job interviews will have at least some experience interview questions. They can be simple or fairly complex. These questions allow the hiring manager to assess whether or not a candidate for employment possesses the skills to handle situations and problems that will arise at the company and in the job for which the interviewee is being considered. Experience Interview Question Examples Experience interview questions vary widely depending on the level of job youre interviewing for. Some of these questions will relate directly to your resume and the experience you have listed, while others may be very general. You may be wondering what types of questions are commonly asked in an experience interview. The following are examples of the various types of experience interview questions you may come across during job interviews You say in your resume that you led a marketing project at XYZ Company. Tell me mora about that project.Give me an example of a situation where you had to handle a conflict between your employees and explain how you handled it.What were your three most significant accomplishments in your last job?What did you like most and least about your last job?What specific skills did you gain from your last job?Describe an important project you worked on.Describe your last employers management style.What is the most important thing you learned at your last job? What was a difficult situation that occurred and how did you handle it? How to Prepare for an Experience Interview An experience interview can be a little nerve-wracking, but youll feel more confident if you prepare ahead of time. Before going to the interview, look at the job listing to landsee what specific skills and attitudes the job requires. Review the questions above and think about answers for each question. Reflect back on your past work experience to recall situations in which you have demonstrated these skills and attributes. Consider each situation in detail you will need to be prepared to discuss these situations thoroughly and answer any follow-up questions. In particular, reflect on the specific role you played in each situation, and the actions you took to achieve success. You should also reflect on your greatest achievements and greatest struggles at your last job companies typically ask you to describe your greatestsuccesses and failures. Reflect on the specific actions you took to achieve each success, and what you could have done to improve in your unsuccessful projects. If you come to the interview with a number of experiences fresh in your mind, it will be much easier to answer each question calmly and concisely during the interview. How to Answer Experience Interview Questions Be Clear and ConciseIt is easy for your answers to wander off topic when answering an experience interview question, particularly if you do not have a specific situation or problem in mind. Before answering the question, take just a moment to think of a specific example of a past situation that answers the question given. Provide a clear and concise description of the situation, explain how you handled the situation, and describe the results. By focusing on one specific example, your answer will be succinct, and youll stay on ?topic. Theres no need to ramble on or start talking about a different example or non-job related personal experience. Do Not Place Blame on Other PeopleIf you are describing a particular problem or difficult situation (for example, an unsuccessful g roup project of which you were a member), it may feel natural to attack or place blame on another person. However, these questions are aboutyou, not about anyone else, and blaming others may bring up concerns in the interviewers mind. Focus on what you did to manage the situation, and how you could have improved the situation do not dwell on other peoples issues or failures.

I-9 File Contents for Employees

I-9 File Contents for EmployeesI-9 File Contents for Employeesfasson I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, is the form that is required by the Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), to document eligibility for employment in the United States. As an employer, you must fill out an I-9 form for every employee that you hire. Form I-9 Requirements All employees, citizens, and non-citizens, hired after November 6, 1986, must complete Section 1 of the Form I-9 at the time of hire. The employer is responsible for ensuring that Section 1 of Form I-9 is timely and properly completed by the employee. The employer also must check employment verification and ensure Sections 2 and 3 of the Form I-9 are properly filled out.Employers must complete Section 2 of Form I-9 by examining first-hand evidence- only original, unexpired documents- of identity and employment eligibility within three business days of the date employment begins. The employee m ust be physically present and their original documents must be reviewed in-person. The employee who reviews the original documents must sign Section 2 of the I-9. The form verifies that you have checked two approved forms of identification that prove the employee is legally authorized to work in the United States. Employers or their authorized representative need to fill out Section 3 when reverifying that an employee is eligible to work in the United States. When rehiring an employee within three years of the date the I-9 was originally completed, employers have the option of completing a new I-9 form or completing Section 3. Periodically, you need to audit the I-9 forms to ensure that you have a completed form for every employee. You need to check for veracity and completeness, and save evidence of the auditing and of any training that staff members completing or storing the I-9s have received.Therefore, its important to keep all employee I-9s, and the accompanying documentation, in a separate personnel file. Location of Completed I-9 Forms The government may inspect these forms. If government employees inspect your I-9 forms, you do bedrngnis want to allow them access to your employees private personnel files and the confidential information they contain. Therefore, in the interest of employee confidentiality and restricted access, you want to isolateyour employee I-9s in one folder that is specifically dedicated to I-9 storage. This protects your employees privacy and also saves the employer from potentially having to answer additional questions that are raised by the contents of the employee personnel file. Therefore, it is important to avoid opening up your company to an increased investigation by USCIS employees. Current I-9 File Investigation According to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the government may inspect your I-9s The administrative inspection process is initiated by the service of a Notice of Inspection (NOI) upon an e mployer compelling the production of Forms I-9. By law, employers are provided with at least three business days to produce the Forms I-9. Often, ICE will request the employer provide supporting documentation, which may include a copy of the payroll, list of current employees, Articles of Incorporation, and business licenses. Bottom Line The current trend is that ICE is increasing its enforcement efforts. Employers have increasingly faced criminal charges levied on managers, owners, and human resources (HR) staff members for failure to properly complete and store I-9 forms for every employee. Businesses have increasingly received significant fines and been debarred. It is, therefore, imperative that employers make it a priority to ensure that these forms are accurately filled out, maintained, and stored to protect the company and its employees from penalties, which can be costly.

Use a Career Finder Test to Locate the Best Career for You

Use a Career Finder Test to Locate the Best Career for You Use a Career Finder Test to Locate the Best Career for You More and more employers are using career tests in conjunction with personality tests to determine where employees will fit best within their organization. Sometimes these tests are given to applicants before they are hired while other companies offer career tests as part of their human resources department to help develop employees.Taking a career finder test is extremely beneficial at any stage of your career search. Knowing your strengths and your preferences helps you to locate a career in which you will be happy. Enjoying what you do for a living affects your health and your wellbeing just as much as it affects your daily activities.Two of the most common career path tests are the Myers Briggs Indicator and the Keirsey Temperament Sorter. While they are related, each career aptitude test is slightly different.The Myers Briggs Indicator, also called the Jung Typo logy Test, asks you to select either yes or no to seventy different statements related to different personality types. Your results from this career personality test are a four-letter acronym that indicates your preferences between introversion and extroversion, sensing and thinking, judging and intuition, and feeling and perceiving. While you may not feel strongly one way or the other about each individual statement, there is no in between answer, so each question in this career finder test must be answered one way or the other. This version of the career test does not require any personal information in order to receive your results.The Keirsey Temperament Sorter is similar in some ways to the Myers Briggs career personality test. The test asks you seventy-one questions to measure your temperament according to four types rational, idealist, artisan and guardian. As with the Myers Briggs test, you are given only two options for each question, so there is no middle ground. This care er finder test requires you to enter your name and email address in order to receive your results. While you can purchase reports based on your results, you may find it more informative to read about the different temperament types after taking this career personality test and determining your result.Taking a career aptitude test is certainly not a required aspect of your job hunt. However, knowing what professions best fit your personality and interests is invaluable and can help you to narrow down your choices considerably. Use the results from your career finder test wisely, and you will reap the benefits for years to come.

The Debate Over Functional Resume

The Debate Over Functional Resume The Benefits of Functional Resume All qualities and data should be as brief as possible so the cover letter doesnt look to be an essay. Another important component for writing a functional resume is to find out more about the position for which youre applying. Frequently, your social networking content can make or break your odds of landing your perfect position. Youll also see the choice to use phrases to boost your resume. Make sure you make the info youre looking for. One has to simply add relevant information and the cover letter is prepared to be sent. A good Sample Resume Free with a suitable format is essential so as to catch the interest of the employer when theyre looking for prospective recruits. Another choice is to develop whats known as a networking resume thats a 1-page shortened version of your extended resume you can pass out in place of, or alongside, your company card. Top Functional Resume Choices Picking the chronolog ical resume for the proper reasons will impact your opportunity of standing out among your competition. It is crucial to have a crystal clear idea about what the resume needs to include before getting started in order to produce the greatest professional resume to catch the interest of hiring managers. As a conclusion, our group of skilled experts also provides a last verdict which will help you make a well-informed choice. Simply take the opportunity to come up with a strong functional resume. Resume guidelines might vary from industry to industry, therefore its recommended to get familiar with specific industry examples. Resumes might be organized in various ways. Developing your resume is vital. At the peak of the resume is a list of a persons skills and qualifications. Functional Resume No Longer a Mystery It is also helpful for men and women that are new to the workforce, have limited work experience, or that have a gap in their employment. You havent held several jo bs in a brief time. In that situation, you will need to mention the way the skills acquired from your prior job would prove valuable to the new position also. A chronological resume works best when youve got an extensive work history thats in the exact line of work as the job for which youre applying. Go through a standard work week at your prior job and earn note of all of the tasks you performed. At the close of the day, you wish to be sure you will find the job. The majority of people have a minumum of one job in their past which didnt work out. A comprehension of the exact same can be helpful to the candidate looking for employment and who needs to design an attractive resume. By highlighting skills as opposed to work history, an individual can emphasize he or shes qualified for the job. You might not land every job which you apply for but a well written resume can enable you to discover the occupation thats a tailored fit for you. The Argument About Functional Resume Th e functional resume is utilized to concentrate on skills that are particular to the kind of position being sought. Regardless of what kind of resume you decide to create, there are a couple of steps you may take to produce your work on your resume more successful. If you dont have lots of true work experience. For some of them you will require help, while others its possible to write all on your own. Leading with your skills might be an excellent method to pique a recruiters interest till they have an opportunity to review your dates of employment. Its also suitable every time a man is changing careers, and wants to emphasize skills which were not important to the absolute most recent jobs held. Instead, it enables you to highlight your skills that are necessary for the job that you are looking for. If youve worked many diverse jobs, it may lead to a resume that makes it seem just like you cant hold down a job. Under each job theres an in depth description of your accomplish ments. All first resumes uploaded into the ordnungsprinzip will get a fast critique. Remain truthful and accentuate the traits which you feel will help you to get the job for which youre applying. If your work asks for certain certifications, degrees or education, think about the combination resume. A functional manager is somebody who has management authority over an organizational unitsuch for a departmentwithin a company, company, or other organization. Becoming multilingual can be convenient in a work environment in which you encounter clients who speak a different language than others at work. Then the purchasing department must set the order within a day. What Does Functional Resume Mean? A resume maker can assist you by offering tips on the professional resume structure in addition to provide a reach of resume examples to pick from. Lets say youre asking for a social networking manager position. The process of producing a professional resume has come to be a whole lot more detailed.

How to Engage Candidates on Social Media - Spark Hire

How to Engage Candidates on Social Media - Spark HireSocial media is all the rage when it comes to attracting top talent. Almost everyone is on social media whether they are active job seekers or passive candidates. Having marketing access to those passive candidates is what makes social media platforms a recruiting goldmine.If you want a chance at top talent before your competitors, its important that you are engaging candidates on social media. 1. Be ActiveYour first step to engage candidates on social media is to be active. Make sure that you have someone dedicated to keeping your social platforms updated each day. If you are not visible or lack responsiveness you will quickly geschmacksarm from the mind of candidates and from their social feed.Make sure your activities are devoted to more than just one social platform. Include Facebook, twitter, LinkedIn, Google+, Instagram, etc in your social media strategy.2. Share Information about your TeamIf you want to catch the attention o f top talent, you need to show them why they should want to work for you.Be sure to include information on each social platform about your team and company culture. Photos and updates of charity involvement, team building events, and just general photos of your work environment are things that can attract top talent and keep them engaged with you on social media.Dont be afraid to get crazy with this Share silly or fun photos of your team most people like to see things that make them smile on social media.3. Share Valuable InformationIf you are only sharing information about you and your company, you are missing a huge engagement opportunity.Make sure that you are providing valuable information to potential candidates you are targeting. For example, if you are searching for candidates with experience in High-Tech industries, it is smart for you to share berichterstattung articles or information pertaining to that industry. Ask your followers what they think about certain topics or n ews updates get them to respond back to you.4. Post Job OpportunitiesShare your job opportunities through social media outlets. Even if your following doesnt have the right experience, asking for referrals can get them engaged in recommending referrals and helping you find the right person.5. Create PollsTry creating polls related to your industry and sharing them through your social media platform. When your followers respond, you will have a greater idea of their interests and how to better engage them in the future.6. Ask Candidates to ShareAsk candidates questions on social media. For example, make the most of holidays and ask candidates to share photos from their holidays.When you ask candidates to share on social media, you are showing that you are interested in them. When it comes to social media, its all about sharing and communicating.What are some other ways you could engage candidates on social media platforms? Please share your tips in the comments below.